Department of Environment & Conservation
Jim Fyke, Commissioner

Watershed Management

Watershed Management Approach

 To protect your rivers, protect your mountains.
 - Emperor Yu of China (1600 B.C.)

Introduction

The Watershed Approach is a decision making process that reflects a common strategy for information collection and analysis as well as a common understanding of the roles, priorities, and responsibilities of all stakeholders within a watershed. The Watershed Approach is based on the concept that many water quality problems, like the accumulation of pollutants or nonpoint source pollution, are best addressed at the watershed level.
In addition, a watershed focus helps identify the most cost-effective pollution control strategies to meet
clean water goals.

A watershed can be defined as the entire land area that ultimately drains into a particular watercourse or body of water.Watersheds can be many different shapes or sizes. Everyone lives in a watershed. Tennessee refers to watersheds by their proper name as well as by a grouping of numbers. This set of numbers is called the watershed's Hydrologic Unit Code, or HUC. The HUC can range from 2 to 16 digits long, more digits indicating a smaller and smaller portion of the watershed is represented.

Watersheds are appropriate as organizational units because they are readily identifiable landscape units with readily identifiable boundaries that integrate terrestrial, aquatic, and geologic features. Focusing on the whole watershed helps reach the best balance among efforts to control point source pollution and polluted runoff as well as protect drinking water sources and sensitive natural resources such as wetlands.

Four main features are typical of the Watershed Approach: 1) Identifying and prioritizing water quality problems in the watershed, 2) Developing increased public involvement, 3) Coordinating activities with other agencies, and 4) Measuring success through increased and more efficient monitoring and other data gathering.

An additional characteristic of the Watershed Approach is that it complements and coordinates other environmental activities. This allows for close cooperation with local citizen groups, local governments, other state agencies, and federal agencies. When all permitted dischargers are considered together, agencies are better able to focus on those controls necessary to produce measurable improvements in water quality. This also results in a more efficient process: It encourages agencies to focus staff and financial resources on prioritized geographic locations and makes it easier to coordinate between agencies and individuals with an interest in solving water quality problems.

Traditional activities like permitting, planning, and monitoring are also coordinated in the Watershed Approach. A significant change from the past is that the Watershed Approach encourages integration of traditional regulatory (those addressing point source pollution) and nonregulatory (those addressing nonpoint sources of pollution) programs.

Tennessee is composed of fifty-five watersheds corresponding to the 8-digit USGS Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUC-8). These watersheds, which serve as geographic management units, are combined in five groups according to year of implementation.

Watershed Groups in Tennessee's Watershed Approach to Water Quality.
To view larger map, click on image.

*Activities in some watersheds have been split between watershed groups.

 

GROUP 1	GROUP 2
Emory River Harpeth River Nonconnah Creek Ocoee River South Fork F.D. Stones River Watauga River Watts Bar	Caney Fork River Collins River Forked Deer Fort Loudoun Lake Hiwassee River Loosahatchie River Lower Elk River North Fork Forked Deer Pickwick Lake South Fork Holston River Upper Elk River Wheeler Lake
GROUP 3	GROUP 4
Buffalo River East Fork Clark's River Little Tennessee River Lower Clinch River Lower Duck River Lower Tennessee River North Fork Holston River South Fork Holston River TN Western Valley-Beech TN Western Valley-Ky Lake Upper Duck River Wolf River	Barren River Clear Fork of the Cumberland River Cordell Hull Lake Holston River Lower Hatchie River Lower Tennessee River Obey River Old Hickory Lake Powell River Red River South Fork Cumberland River Upper Clinch River Upper Cumberland River Upper Hatchie River
GROUP 5
Lake Barkley Cheatham Lake Guntersville Lake Lower French Broad River Mississippi River Nolichucky River North Fork Obion River Pigeon River Sequatchie River South Fork Obion River Upper French Broad River